abstract：:DNA fragments such as oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) are under investigation for a possible utilization in nuclear medicine. Until now, experiments on 99mTc-labeled ODNs in vitro or in vivo have required the application of time-consuming procedures to obtain and control the purity of the radiolabeled compound. A lyophil...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Hjelstuen OK,Saetern AM,Tonnesen HH,Bremer PO,Verbruggen AM

更新日期：1999-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of modified phospholipids (m-PC) possessing different acyl chains in position 2, from butanoyl to hexadecanoyl, were prepared by partial synthesis from soybean lysolecithin. They were used with soybean lecithin to construct phase diagrams containing ethanol as cosolvent, water and medium chain triglycerides (...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Trotta M,Gallarate M,Pattarino F,Carlotti ME

更新日期：1999-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhalation of tobramycin is part of current cystic fibrosis (CF) therapy. Local therapy with inhaled antibiotics has demonstrated improvements in pulmonary function. Current inhalation therapy is limited by the available drug formulations in combination with the nebulization time. The aim of this study is to devel...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Le Brun PP,de Boer AH,Gjaltema D,Hagedoorn P,Heijerman HG,Frijlink HW

更新日期：1999-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:This work investigated the permeation of primaquine across full-thickness excised human skin from two acrylate transdermal adhesives. Primaquine base was formulated with National Starch 387-2516 and 387-2287 to provide aluminium foil-backed 1-cm diameter patches, each loaded with 10 mg drug. Other patches were prepare...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Jeans CW,Heard CM

更新日期：1999-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This study deals with Verapamil hydrochloride release from tablets based on high molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The drug release proceeds as a controlled diffusion (n=0.44-0.47), which rate is dependent on the molecular weight of PEO. Independent from it, under the conditions of the Half-change test, the...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Dimitrov M,Lambov N

更新日期：1999-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Distribution of salicylic acid in human stratum corneum from treatment of six different formulations was assessed by quantitation of drug content in sequentially tape-stripped stratum corneum after a single 2-h dose was applied unoccluded to skin on the ventral forearm of four female subjects. The profile and total am...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tsai J,Chuang S,Hsu M,Sheu H

更新日期：1999-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A centrifuge method has been applied to the assessment of water retention in pharmaceutical powders. Five drug models and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were each mixed with different amounts of water and centrifuged at different speeds. The amount of water retained by the wet mass was evaluated by drying the powder...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tomer G,Newton JM

更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The stratum corneum possesses a very heterogenous structure. As such a diffusing molecule can access a number of different pathways. It is probable that the excellent barrier properties of the stratum corneum result from a tortuous diffusional pathway around the dead cells. However, there are considerable problems in ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bunge AL,Guy RH,Hadgraft J

更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The objectives of this study were to establish a new preparation method for poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles by modifying the spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion (SESD) method and to elucidate the mechanism of nanoparticle formation on the basis of the phase separation principle of PL...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Murakami H,Kobayashi M,Takeuchi H,Kawashima Y

更新日期：1999-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Microspheres containing poly(acrylic acid) and beta-cyclodextrin or maltose were prepared by a w/o solvent evaporation technique. The dispersed aqueous phase contained poly(acrylic acid) (800 mg) and beta-cyclodextrin or maltose (0, 200 or 800 mg). Food-grade olive oil was the continuous phase. Microsphere particle si...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Bibby DC,Davies NM,Tucker IG

更新日期：1999-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:9-(2-phosphonyomethoxypropyl)adenine (PMPA) and AMD3100 are highly potent and selective antiretroviral agents. Since PMPA is negatively charged and AMD3100 positively charged at physiological pH, their transepithelial transport and their potential for oral drug delivery is very low. In this study, ion pair formation w...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Van Gelder J,Witvrouw M,Pannecouque C,Henson G,Bridger G,Naesens L,De Clercq E,Annaert P,Shafiee M,Van den Mooter G,Kinget R,Augustijns P

更新日期：1999-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of NS-49, a newly developed phenethylamine class alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor agonist, was investigated in rats, rabbits, and dogs given intravenous and oral doses that have little effect on the renal blood flow rate (approximating the range of clinical doses). A three-compartment open model adequately ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Mukai H,Watanabe S,Tsuchida K,Morino A

更新日期：1999-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The required replacement of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) with hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) propellants has challenged formulators of pressurized metered dose inhalers in several major respects. Conventional (CFC soluble) surfactants are effectively insoluble in the major CFC replacement candidates, HFA 134 and HFA 227ea, in th...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Vervaet C,Byron PR

更新日期：1999-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of a single-dose tetanus vaccine based on Poly(Lactic acid) (PLA) or Poly(Lactide-co-Glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres has been complicated due to the instability of tetanus toxoid (TT) inside these systems. Herein we report an attempt to re-design PLGA microspheres by co-encapsulating TT in the dry solid...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Sánchez A,Villamayor B,Guo Y,McIver J,Alonso MJ

更新日期：1999-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Several cationic compounds were screened as potential nasal absorption enhancers to increase intranasal absorption of a model drug, fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran (MW 4.4 kDa, FD-4), without nasal membrane damage in rats. Their effects were compared with those of classical enhancers. Various cationic compo...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Natsume H,Iwata S,Ohtake K,Miyamoto M,Yamaguchi M,Hosoya K,Kobayashi D,Sugibayashi K,Morimoto Y

更新日期：1999-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Na-deoxycholate (Na-DOC) forms a viscous thixotropic gel when in contact with excess buffer systems. The resulting gels have been tested as novel drug carrier systems for topical use. The influence of differing amounts of mannitol, glycerol and xylitol on the viscous modulus (G"/Pa) was evaluated by oscillatory measur...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Valenta C,Nowack E,Bernkop-Schnürch A

更新日期：1999-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate possible interactions between a polymeric emulsifier and a non-ionic surfactant, with a view of achieving better understanding of emulsion stabilisation mechanisms. The polymeric emulsifier used was acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer (Pemulen TR-2(R)), while Polyoxyet...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Simovic S,Tamburic S,Milic-Askrabic J,Rajic D

更新日期：1999-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A genetically modified recombinant tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (rKRKTNF) was conjugated to the terminal carboxyl groups of liposome grafted polyethyleneglycol (PEG) chains. The long-circulating liposomes were composed of egg phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol (chol) and 7% carboxyl PEG-phosphatidylethanolamine. Th...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Savva M,Duda E,Huang L

更新日期：1999-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hexakis[butoxytris(ethoxy)]cyclophosphazene (3a), hexakis[dodecyloxytetrakis (ethoxy)]cyclophosphazene (3b) and hexakis[hexadecyloxyeicosanekis(ethoxy)]cyclophosphazene+ ++ (3c) were synthesised and their ability to form niosomes was studied. All synthesised compounds in the presence of cholesterol were shown to form ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Baroli B,Delogu G,Fadda AM,Podda G,Sinico C

更新日期：1999-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Cationic liposomes spontaneously interact with negatively charged plasmid DNA to form a transfection competent complex capable of promoting the expression of a therapeutic gene. This work aims to improve the understanding of the poorly defined mechanisms and structural rearrangements associated with the lipid-DNA inte...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Birchall JC,Kellaway IW,Mills SN

更新日期：1999-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Subcutaneous vaccination of C57bl/6 mice with irradiated B16 melanoma cells supplemented with liposomal interleukin-2 (IL2) or murine interferon-gamma (mIFNgamma), resulted in systemic protection in 50% of the animals, against a subsequent tumor cell challenge in a dose dependent manner. The protective efficacy was co...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： van Slooten ML,Kircheis R,Koppenhagen FJ,Wagner E,Storm G

更新日期：1999-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Optical surface roughness of starch acetate compacts was investigated by specular reflection of a laser beam as a function of angle of incidence. The intensity data was fitted using the model of Gaussian and Lorentzian curves to solve numerical values for optical surface roughness which was observed to be order of 1 m...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Silvennoinen R,Peiponen KE,Hyvärinen V,Raatikainen P,Paronen P

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of mixing conditions on the flow curves of some clay-water dispersions was studied. Two Spanish fibrous phyllosilicates (sepiolite from Vicálvaro and palygorskite from Turón) and a commercial bentonite (Bentopharm Copyright, UK) were selected as model clays. The disperse systems were made up using a rotor-s...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Viseras C,Meeten GH,Lopez-Galindo A

更新日期：1999-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug interactions with diosmectite, a gastric-protective drug, were studied in vitro using an artificial stomach-duodenum model. The behavior of neutral and ionisable drugs with pKa values ranging between 2 and 8 was monitored to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the interactions. The main neutral (digo...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Castela-Papin N,Cai S,Vatier J,Keller F,Souleau CH,Farinotti R

更新日期：1999-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid dispersions of piroxicam were prepared with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K-17 PF and PVP K-90 by solvent method. The physical state and drug:PVP interaction of solid dispersions and physical mixtures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning c...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tantishaiyakul V,Kaewnopparat N,Ingkatawornwong S

更新日期：1999-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:This study introduces a motionless novel single vessel powder processor designed to carry out all of the unit operations in the preparation of powders for tableting. The processor used controllable fluid dynamics to provide the energy for each unit operation. The vessel design was evaluated using a computational fluid...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Kay GR,Staniforth JN,Tobyn MJ,Horrill MD,Newnes LB,MacGregor SA,Li M,Atherton G,Lamming RC,Hajee DW

更新日期：1999-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of degradation of the new anti-tumor drug, 4-dedimethylamino sancycline (col-3) in aqueous solution at 25oC were investigated by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) over the pH-range of 2-10. The influences of pH, buffer concentration, light, temperature, and some additives on the degradation rate ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Pinsuwan S,Alvarez-Núñez FA,Tabibi ES,Yalkowsky SH

更新日期：1999-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel agglomeration process of pulverized pharmaceutical powders into subsieve-sized agglomerates (microagglomeration) was designed for manufacturing highly drug-incorporated core particles for subsequent microencapsulation by film-coating. The microagglomeration of pulverized phenacetin powder, whose mass median di...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Ichikawa H,Fukumori Y

更新日期：1999-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of miconazole were studied after intravenous administration to six sheep (4 mg/kg) of three aqueous solutions: a marketed micellar solution containing polyoxyl-35 castor oil (Daktarin IV(R)) was compared with two solutions both containing 50 mM lactic acid and a cyclodextrin derivative (100 mM HP-...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Piel G,Evrard B,Van Hees T,Delattre L

更新日期：1999-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The need to be able to measure amorphous contents in crystalline powders is now recognised. In this review, calorimetric and gravimetric methods are reviewed in a way that should alert workers in the field to the theoretical, and practical considerations which are important to understanding how best to study crystalli...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Buckton G,Darcy P

更新日期：1999-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the preparation and evaluation of flurbiprofen loaded-poly-epsilon-caprolactone nanospheres obtained by solvent displacement method. Characterization by thermal methods, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis can reveal the dispersion state of the drug inside the nanospheres. Such information p...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Gamisans F,Lacoulonche F,Chauvet A,Espina M,García ML,Egea MA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation sterilisation is a promising method to sterilise pharmaceutical products. However, this process is accompanied by a modification of odour due to volatile compounds formation. The origin of malodorous compounds produced during solid cefotaxime radiosterilisation has been investigated and several mechanisms ar...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Barbarin N,Rollmann B,Tilquin B

更新日期：1999-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that the degree of particle agglomeration in fluidized bed coating is greatly affected by the spray mist size of coating solution. However, the mist size has generally been measured in open air, and few reports have described the measurement of the mist size in a chamber of the fluidized bed, in w...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Yuasa H,Nakano T,Kanaya Y

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As foam appears during solution constitution and nebulisation of alpha 1 protease inhibitor (alpha 1 PI), we selected in a previous work, antifoams likely to be associated with an alpha 1 PI solution to be nebulised: span 65 at a 0.025% concentration and cetyl alcohol at a 0.05% concentration associated with tyloxapol...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Flament MP,Leterme P,Burnouf T,Gayot A

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An understanding of the action of many drugs requires a knowledge of how the drug reaches the site of action in a cell. A detailed knowledge of the structure and function of cell membranes is often required to understand the transport of drugs across the plasma membrane. To obtain this information proteins must be iso...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Jones MN

更新日期：1999-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The hamster cheek pouch mucosa was selected as a substitute for the human buccal mucosa in an in vitro permeation study. Considering that a keratinized layer is not present in the human buccal mucosa, keratinized epithelial-free hamster cheek pouch (KEF-membrane) was prepared by chemical splitting. To confirm the usef...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Tsutsumi K,Obata Y,Takayama K,Isowa K,Nagai T

更新日期：1999-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The electrochemical reduction of ornidazole was studied at a glassy carbon electrode activated by applying a new pretreatment. The dependence of intensities of currents and potentials on pH, concentration, scan rate, nature of the solvent (aqueous media, mixed aqueous-organic systems) and surfactant was investigated. ...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Özkan SA,Senturk Z,Biryol I I

更新日期：1997-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Freeze-drying of three different forms of gene delivery systems was performed using a controlled two-step drying process and 10% sucrose as lyoprotectant. Complexes of pCMVL plasmid with transferrin-conjugated polyethylenimine, adenovirus-enhanced transferrinfection consisting of pCMVL/transferrin-polylysine complexes...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Talsma H,Cherng J,Lehrmann H,Kursa M,Ogris M,Hennink WE,Cotten M,Wagner E

更新日期：1997-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The absorption mechanism of several penicillins was characterized using in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion in the rat. The intrinsic membrane parameters were determined using a modified boundary layer model (fitted value +/- S.E.): Jmax* = 11.78 +/- 1.88 mM, Km = 15.80 +/- 2.92 mM, Pm* = 0, Pc* = 0.75 +/- 0.04...

journal_title：International journal of pharmaceutics

authors： Oh D-M,Sinko PJ,Amidon GL

更新日期：1992-09-20 00:00:00